What is the significance of translation for the transmission of philosophy? These contributions discuss this question controversially - from different perspectives and on the basis of concrete cases. The starting point is a historical constellation as a paradigmatic example, namely the transmission of academic philosophy to Japan at the end of the 19th century. What is special about this example is that the translation(s) into Japanese language initiated the encounter with Western philosophy. The aim of the contributions gathered here is to further define the possibilities and limits of the transmission of philosophical thought through translation.