This brief is the result of the research the author has performed in recent years covering electrical fluctuations in numerous systems, including molecular electrical fluctuations, ionic fluctuations, ionic dielectric relaxation, spherical and cylindrical polyelectrolytes, ionic polarizability in polyelectrolytes, pH fluctuation in vesicles and electrical fluctuations in proteins.

The importance of estimating electrical fluctuations resides in its richness of information and omnipresence in biological systems. In order to understand how these systems work it is vital to know the magnitude of their electrical fluctuations.

Electromagnetic fluctuations are the origin of London (Van der Waals) forces between molecules, and Lifshitz forces between macro objects. Protonic fluctuations are the origin of Kirkwood and Shumaker forces between molecules and pH fluctuations. Furthermore, protonic fluctuations could be the cause of the dielectric increment of proteins in solution. Local electrical fluctuations can influence chemical reactions and so on. This book addresses the interplay of these pervasive phenomena. . 

Prof. Dr. José Antonio Fornés studied Physics at La Plata University, Argentina, where he received his doctoral degree in Physics in 1972. In 1973 he worked as a postdoctoral fellow in Quantum Chemistry at Uppsala University, Sweden. In 1974 he was a postdoctoral fellow at Middlesex Hospital Medical School of London University, in experimental biophysics. He was visiting Professor at the University of California at Irvine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, during 1989-1991. Also, he was visiting Professor at the Department of Physics of São Paulo University, Brazil, during 1998-2001. He was visiting professor at the Department of Applied Physics of the Complutense University in Madrid, Spain, during 2005-2006.

Chapter 1: The Electrical Capacitance, the Link to the Electrical Fluctuations.- Chapter 2: Electrical Fluctuations in Colloid and Ionic Solutions.- Chapter 3: Electrical Fluctuations Around a Charged Colloidal Cylinder in an Electrolyte.- Chapter 4: Dielectric Relaxation Around a Charged Colloidal Cylinder in an Electrolyte.- Chapter 5: The Polarizability of Rodlike Polyelectrolytes: An Electric Circuit View.- Chapter 6: pH Fluctuations in Unilamellar Vesicles.- Chapter 7: Electrical Fluctuations on the Surfaces of Proteins from Hydrodynamic Data.