This book takes a comparative approach to economic history to offer ways to increase our understanding of the divergence between South America and Scandinavia. In particular, the book aims to deepen our understanding of why the two groups of countries have set out on radically different pathways with regard to industrialisation, long-term economic growth and income distribution. 

The book draws together the results of two separate projects focusing on this comparison. The first of these projects focuses on two of the so-called settler societies of South America, namely Uruguay and Argentina, sometimes called the Pampas region. Australia and New Zealand, two other settler societies, are also considered, adding a further contrasting effect. These settler societies are compared with Scandinavia, in its broad terms, including Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Finland. The second of these projects focuses on comparisons between Brazil and Sweden. Together, the two projects have engaged the minds of economic historians from Brazil, Uruguay and Sweden. This book will be of interest to researchers and students in economic history and economic development more broadly.

Svante Prado is a researcher in economic history at the Department of Economy and Society at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. His research focuses on Swedish wages and labour markets in historical perspective and international comparisons of labour productivity.

Jorge E. Álvarez Scanniello is Professor and Co-ordinator of the Economic and Social History Programme, Social Sciences Faculty, University of the Republic, Uruguay. He is also Researcher of the National Agency of Innovation and Research, Uruguay.

1. Introduction; Jorge Alvarez and Svante Prado.- Part 1. Latin America and Scandinavia.- 2. Latin American and Nordic countries: a renewed tradition of comparative studies; Jorge Álvarez, Luis Bértola and Jan Bohlin.- Part 2: Trade, industrialisation and growth.- 3. Foreign trade and economic growth in Scandinavia, Australasia and the Rio de la Plata region, 18701970; Jorge Álvarez, Luis Bértola and Jan Bohlin.- 4. Structural change, industrial growth and economic development in the Nordic and Southern Settler Societies, 18701970; Jorge Álvarez, Luis Bértola and Jan Bohlin.- 5. Long-term comparative levels of labour productivity in manufacturing, c. 18902010; Cecilia Lara and Svante Prado.- Part 3: Dimensions of inequality.- 6. Wage differentials, 19202010; Svante Prado, Thales Pereira and Jakob Molinder.- 7. Land-ownership systems and agrarian income distribution in Denmark, New Zealand and Uruguay during the First Globalisation Era; Jorge Álvarez and María de las Mercedes Menéndez.- 8. Democratisation and the rise of the welfare state; Erik Bengtsson and Marc Morgan.- 9. The role of education in modernisation drives in Brazil and in Sweden; Thomas Kang and Anders Nilsson.